自定义范围滑块 Custom Range Slider
1. 概述
项目本体展示了一个可自定义最小值和最大值的滑块.
本项目中涉及的知识点:
- 使用
linear-gradient()实现渐变背景效果. - 在不同的浏览器中自定义滑块样式.
效果:
2. 结构和切图
网页的基本结构如下:
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<body>
<h2>Custom Range Slider</h2>
<div class="range-container">
<input type="range" id="range" min="0" max="616" step="0.1">
<label for="range">308</label>
</div>
</body>
3. 编写 CSS 样式
首先将 body 的样式设为 水平垂直居中:
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body {
background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #1f1e33 0%, #c3cfe2 100%);
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
height: 100vh;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0;
}
随后设定各级文字样式:
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h2 {
position: absolute;
top: 10px;
color: #c3cfe2;
}
label {
color: #1f1e33;
}
将 range-container 容器定位方式设为 relative, 使滑块位置提示数字和滑块水平位置相同:
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.range-container {
position: relative;
}
最后设定滑块本身的样式. 注意对不同浏览器兼容性的处理.
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input[type="range"]{
width: 300px;
margin: 18px 0;
-webkit-appearance: none;
border-radius: 4px;
}
input[type="range"]:focus {
outline: none;
}
input[type="range"] + label {
background-color: #fff;
position: absolute;
top: -25px;
left: 110px;
width: 80px;
padding: 5px 0;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 4px;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
/* Chrome & Safari */
input[type='range']::-webkit-slider-runnable-track {
background: #c3cfe2;
border-radius: 4px;
width: 100%;
height: 10px;
cursor: pointer;
}
input[type='range']::-webkit-slider-thumb {
-webkit-appearance: none;
height: 24px;
width: 24px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 50%;
border: 1px solid #1f1e33;
margin-top: -7px;
cursor: pointer;
}
/* Firefox */
input[type='range']::-moz-range-track {
background: #c3cfe2;
border-radius: 4px;
width: 100%;
height: 13px;
cursor: pointer;
}
input[type='range']::-moz-range-thumb {
-webkit-appearance: none;
height: 24px;
width: 24px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 50%;
border: 1px solid #1f1e33;
margin-top: -7px;
cursor: pointer;
}
/* IE */
input[type='range']::-ms-track {
background: #c3cfe2;
border-radius: 4px;
width: 100%;
height: 13px;
cursor: pointer;
}
input[type='range']::-ms-thumb {
-webkit-appearance: none;
height: 24px;
width: 24px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 50%;
border: 1px solid #c3cfe2;
margin-top: -7px;
cursor: pointer;
}
最后, 完整的 CSS 样式表如下:
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* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #1f1e33 0%, #c3cfe2 100%);
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
height: 100vh;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0;
}
h2 {
position: absolute;
top: 10px;
color: #c3cfe2;
}
label {
color: #1f1e33;
}
.range-container {
position: relative;
}
input[type="range"]{
width: 300px;
margin: 18px 0;
-webkit-appearance: none;
border-radius: 4px;
}
input[type="range"]:focus {
outline: none;
}
input[type="range"] + label {
background-color: #fff;
position: absolute;
top: -25px;
left: 110px;
width: 80px;
padding: 5px 0;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 4px;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
/* Chrome & Safari */
input[type='range']::-webkit-slider-runnable-track {
background: #c3cfe2;
border-radius: 4px;
width: 100%;
height: 10px;
cursor: pointer;
}
input[type='range']::-webkit-slider-thumb {
-webkit-appearance: none;
height: 24px;
width: 24px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 50%;
border: 1px solid #1f1e33;
margin-top: -7px;
cursor: pointer;
}
/* Firefox */
input[type='range']::-moz-range-track {
background: #c3cfe2;
border-radius: 4px;
width: 100%;
height: 13px;
cursor: pointer;
}
input[type='range']::-moz-range-thumb {
-webkit-appearance: none;
height: 24px;
width: 24px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 50%;
border: 1px solid #1f1e33;
margin-top: -7px;
cursor: pointer;
}
/* IE */
input[type='range']::-ms-track {
background: #c3cfe2;
border-radius: 4px;
width: 100%;
height: 13px;
cursor: pointer;
}
input[type='range']::-ms-thumb {
-webkit-appearance: none;
height: 24px;
width: 24px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 50%;
border: 1px solid #c3cfe2;
margin-top: -7px;
cursor: pointer;
}
4. JavaScript
最后编写 JavaScript 函数:
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const range = document.getElementById('range');
range.addEventListener('input', (e) => {
const value = +e.target.value;
const label = e.target.nextElementSibling;
const range_width = getComputedStyle(e.target).getPropertyValue('width');
const label_width = getComputedStyle(label).getPropertyValue('width');
const num_width = +range_width.substring(0, range_width.length-2);
const num_label_width = +label_width.substring(0, label_width.length-2);
const max = +e.target.max;
const min = +e.target.min;
const left = value * (num_width / max) - num_label_width / 2 + scale(value, min, max, 10, -10);
label.style.left = `${left}px`;
label.innerHTML = value;
})
const scale = (num, in_min, in_max, out_min, out_max) => {
return (num - in_min) * (out_max - out_min) / (in_max - in_min) + out_min;
}
最后, 完整的网页演示可见 此处
